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The purpose of the study was to predict the prospects for the development of this sector. As part of this, the following tasks were set: - to analyze the state of oil and gas production in Russia and the world;- to determine the factors affecting the economic efficiency of oil and gas production;- predict the level of production in the medium term. Currently, Russia ranks 2nd in terms of oil and gas production, and in terms of reserves - 7th and 1st respectively. Oil and gas production enterprises play an important social role, providing employment for a significant number of the population, high incomes, and maintenance of social facilities. Industry enterprises have shown high resilience to external influences during the COVID-19 pandemic and the Ukrainian crisis.
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Simple SummaryForage oat is an important feed resource in the world. Few studies on the application of different bacterial additives in forage oat silage have been found, which limits the utilization and promotion of oat silage in animal husbandry. In this study, we compared the fermentation quality and in vitro gas production of oat silage treated with four additives (Lactiplantibacillus plantarum F1,LP;Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus XJJ01, LR;Lacticaseibacillus paracasei XJJ02, LC;and Propionibacterium acidipropionici 1.1161, PP). The results show that compared to the CK group (without additives), the LR group had a higher dry matter content, while the LP group showed an improvement in fermentation quality. At the same time, the bacterial community in the LR group was also different from that in other groups. The treatments of PP and LC had no significant effects on fermentation quality, but the in vitro gas production was significantly reduced in the treated oat silage. These results could help us to optimize the utilization of forage oat silage in balanced ruminant diets.Bacterial inoculants are considered as a good choice for successful ensiling, playing a key role in improving the silage quality. However, the potential of different bacteria, especially the propionic acid bacteria, in forage oat ensiling is yet to be explored. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the regulation effects of different bacterial additives on the fermentation quality of forage oat silage. Four additives (Lactiplantibacillus plantarum F1, LP;Lacticaseibacillus 0rhamnosus XJJ01, LR;Lacticaseibacillus paracasei XJJ02, LC;and Propionibacterium acidipropionici 1.1161, PP;without additives, CK) were inoculated in forage oat silage, and the fermentation quality and organic compounds were determined after 60 days of ensiling. Notably, LR showed higher dry matter preservation compared to other additives and CK. In addition, LP and LR showed strong lactic acid synthesis capacity, resulting in lower pH compared to other additives and CK. The treatments of PP and LC increased the bacterial diversity in silage, while the bacterial community in the LR group was different from that in other groups. In addition, the PP- and LC-treated oat silage showed significantly lower total in vitro gas production and a lower methane content. These results suggest that LP is more favorable for producing high-quality oat silage than LR, LC, or PP. Both the PP- and LC- treated oat silage may reduce rumen greenhouse gas emissions.
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This article aims to substantiate the factors by which the oil industry influences the sustainable development of OPEC++-participating countries under conditions of uncertainty. The impact of the price parameters of the world oil market and the tools of its regulation on the sustainability of OPEC++-participating countries was assessed using panel regression analysis. The sustainable development level of OPEC++-participating countries was analyzed by the integrated estimation method, focusing on crude oil market functioning features. Undoubtedly, we can testify that there is a direct correlation between the country’s level of socio-economic development and sustainable development. In resource economies, a reduction in oil production and exports cannot have the same effect on sustainable development as in countries that do not produce oil, or are characterized by a higher level of economic development. With an appropriate level of economic diversification and the effectiveness of the institutional framework for managing the oil market, sustainable development can be achieved. Based on the model of the integrated assessment of the sustainable development of oil-exporting countries, the impact of statistically significant financial investors’ panic factor on the imbalance of oil prices due to the uncertainty of economic development was determined. Key indicators that create a panic factor in the oil market were identified. These include the indicators of the number of countries enforcing lockdown and the pandemic’s duration. We argue for the need to develop an effective strategy for achieving the sustainable development goals (SDGs) in OPEC++-participating countries, based on the management of crude oil supply and demand forces and by considering the effect of financial investors’ panic factor on the oil market.
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Objectives/Scope: Analysis of 15 years results of remote occupational health care in oil and gas production industries. Methods, Procedures, Process: Continuous observation, statistical analysis of morbidity, mortality, and treatment results in industrial personnel at different endpoints depending on the variability of care models. Cost-efficacy analysis of several occupational health interventions. Targeted polls of Customers. Dynamics of new Customers. Results, Observations, Conclusions: The best practices which provide the maximum efficacy include risk assessment and risk management, action planning for emergencies, telemedicine, education, registry maintenance. Each of all these gave a 10-100-fold rise in Customer satisfaction, seriously improved medical statistics. Telemedicine implies both: the delivery of highly specialized diagnostic technologies directly to the industrial production site, where a GP or paramedic is present, and it implements the direct replacement of medics with gadgets at the patient's bedside. Education involves hands-on training for both industrial personnel at remote sites and for medical professionals who provide care. The 2020-21 COVID19 pandemic was a great real stress test for remote health models when systemic integrated management procedures played a pivotal role in ensuring smooth industry operation due to the high quality of back medical services. Novel/Additive Information: Modern efficient models of medical care for remote industries are necessarily comprehensive, modular, adaptive, and rely on personnel health registers. Remote health practices gain a 5-15% rise in price every year, but it pays off in greater labor productivity and in improving the health of industry personnel. © Copyright 2021, Society of Petroleum Engineers
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According to the forecasts made by IEA, BP, and Total in early 2021, the demand for hydrocarbons will continue for decades, and their share in the global energy balance will remain significant. Russia, as a key player in the energy market, is interested in maintaining and increasing hydrocarbon production, so further exploitation of the Arctic energy resources is an urgent issue. A large number of onshore oil and gas projects have been successfully implemented in the Arctic since the 1930s, while recently, special attention has been paid to the offshore energy resources and implementation of natural gas liquefaction projects. However, the implementation of oil and gas projects in the Arctic is characterized by a negative impact on the environment, which leads to a violation of the ecological balance in the Arctic, and affects the stability of its ecosystem, which is one of the most vulnerable ecosystems on the planet. The main goal of the present study is to understand how the implementation of oil and gas projects in the Arctic affects the ecosystem, to assess the significance of this process, and to find out what the state and business could do to minimize it. In the article, the authors analyze energy trends, provide brief information about important oil and gas projects being implemented in the Arctic region of Russia, and investigate the challenges of the oil and gas projects’ development and its negative impacts on the Arctic environment. The main contributions of this paper are the identification of all possible environmental risks and processes accompanying oil and gas production, and its qualitative analysis and recommendations for the state and business to reduce the negative impact of oil and gas projects on the Arctic ecosystem. The research methodology includes desk studies, risk management tools (such as risk analysis, registers, and maps), brainstorming, the expert method, systematization, comparative analysis, generalization, and grouping.